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ICLR2025

Flow matching achieves almost minimax optimal convergence

Machine Learning / Deep Learning

By : Kenji Fukumizu, Taiji Suzuki, Noboru Isobe, Kazusato Oko, Masanori Koyama

Flow matching (FM) has gained significant attention as a simulation-free generative model. Unlike diffusion models, which are based on stochastic differential equations, FM employs a simpler approach by solving an ordinary differential equation with an initial condition from a normal distribution, thus streamlining the sample generation process. This paper discusses the convergence properties of FM for large sample size under the p-Wasserstein distance, a measure of distributional discrepancy. We establish that FM can achieve an almost minimax optimal convergence rate for 1p≤2, presenting the first theoretical evidence that FM can reach convergence rates comparable to those of diffusion models. Our analysis extends existing frameworks by examining a broader class of mean and variance functions for the vector fields and identifies specific conditions necessary to attain almost optimal rates.

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